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Barómetro issue 26, April - June 2011
To read the full document click here. (in Spanish) Armed conflicts
- The total number of active armed conflicts in late June was 31, following the reduction of violence in Côte d'Ivoire, and they mostly were in Asia (12) and Africa (11). The rest took place in Europe (four), Middle East (three) and America (one).
- 1,000 women were raped daily in DR Congo between 2006 and 2007, according to a new study, and another mass rape of 170 women took place.
- Clashes resumed in Myanmar between the army and several groups that had signed ceasefire agreements years ago.
- The number of casualties in the armed conflict in Libya amounted to 15,000 since the start of hostilities in February.
- Uncertainty increased in the region as a result of the death of al-Qaeda's leader in a US operation in Pakistan, a new wave of insurgent attacks in this country and the announcement of early withdrawal of US troops in Afghanistan.
- More than 60 people died in a series of incidents in the framework of the commemoration of the Arab-Israeli wars of 1948 and 1967.
Socio-political crisis
- In late June, the total number of socio-political crises was 94, mostly in Africa (35) and Asia (21). The rest were in Europe (16) Middle East (15) and American (7).
- The clashes between the armies of the North and South of Sudan in Abyei and Southern Kordofan put at risk the peace process again.
- The post-election violence in the states of Kaduna and Bauchi and the rise of Islamist attacks by the Islamist sect Boko Haram exacerbated instability in Nigeria.
- The new clashes between the Armed Forces of Thailand and Cambodia claimed the lives of 15 soldiers and displaced some 40,000 people.
- The Sri Lankan government and the LTTE committed war crimes during the final phase of armed conflict, as evidenced by the report of the panel of experts from the UN.
- Tension between the government and opposition groups in Armenia decreased, following the implementation of measures that included the investigation on acts of violence and an amnesty.
- The political instability in Yemen together with an increase in violence and tribal clashes left dozens dead and wounded President Saleh.
- There were between 1,100 and 1,600 deaths due to violence in Syria since the start of the protests against the regime in February.
Peace processes
- The Government and the last armed opposition group in the Central African Republic, CPJP, reached a ceasefire agreement.
- UN Secretary General, Ban Ki-moon, stressed the need to take into account the opinion of the Saharawi people for any decision on the future of Western Sahara.
- The Turkish Government expressed its support in April to host a political office of the Taliban to promote peace negotiations between them and the Afghan government, while the U.S. confirmed the dialogue with the Taliban in Afghanistan.
- The Philippine Government and the NDF / NPA endorsed a timetable to address structural issues and reach a cessation of hostilities in June 2012.
- In Turkey, the PKK Kurdish guerrillas extended the ceasefire for a few months.
- The US president, Barack Obama, raised the 1967 borders as the basis for a peace agreement between Palestinians and Israelis. The proposal was rejected by the Prime Minister of Israel. The Palestinian Authority made progress in its intention to request the UN to recognize a Palestinian state in September.
Humanitarian crisis
- UNHCR reported that 43.7 million people were forcibly displaced in the world and called on developed countries to fulfill their commitments to assist asylum seekers.
- The Horn of Africa was hit by its worst drought in 60 years, with nearly 12 million people affected.
- The bombardments on the border between north and south Sudan displaced more than 170,000 people and prevented the access of humanitarian organizations.
- The "Victims' Law" entered into force in Colombia, which recognizes the right to reparations and restitution of land to those forcibly displaced by armed conflict.
- Food aid to North Korea was conditioned by diplomatic pressure on its Government to involve in direct negotiations with South Korea.
- At least 700,000 people left Libya fleeing armed conflict; only 42,000 arrived in Europe while the majority remained in Tunisia and Egypt.
Gender issues in peace building
- The International Criminal Court pointed to evidences about the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war in Libya.
- One study found that 1.8 million Congolese women had been raped.
- Several Afghan women demand guarantees for the participation of women in the Conference on Afghanistan to be held in Bonn in December.
- The Government of Sri Lanka said they have released all LTTE women fighters.
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